Offences & Penalties

Confiscation of goods or conveyances and levy of penalty

Section 130, CGST Act

Chapter 19 Text as on 2026-09-05 Source CBIC

Straight from CBIC

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In one line

Confiscation is a separate, harsher route than detention and needs intent to evade tax (or unaccounted goods, supply without registration, or a conveyance knowingly used for such carriage). Confiscated goods vest in the Government, the owner is given the option to pay a fine in lieu of confiscation, and penalty under section 122 applies on top. Since 01-01-2022 section 129 detention no longer flows automatically into section 130.

What this means in practice

The parts that actually decide cases — the things a practitioner checks first.

1

Confiscation needs INTENT to evade – after the 2022 delinking, a 129 detention cannot be escalated to 130 merely because the penalty went unpaid.

2

The owner must be given the option of a fine in lieu of confiscation, and that fine cannot exceed the market value of the goods less the tax chargeable.

3

Penalty under section 122 applies in addition, and the goods vest in the Government only after the order and the appeal window.

How this provision is built

The skeleton, clause by clause — useful when a notice cites a specific sub-clause.

(1) 1 [Where] any person- (i) supplies or receives any goods in contravention of any of the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder with intent to evade payment of tax; or (ii) does not account for any goods on w…
(2) Whenever confiscation of any goods or conveyance is authorised by this Act, the officer adjudging it shall give to the owner of the goods an option to pay in lieu of confiscation, such fine as the said officer thinks fit…

The exact words of the law

2,710 characters, unedited

Reproduced from the CBIC text. We explain it above — but you should always be able to read it yourself.

Read the full provision+
* Section 130. Confiscation of goods or conveyances and levy of penalty.-

(1) 1 [Where] any person-
(i) supplies or receives any goods in contravention of any of the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder with intent to evade payment of tax; or (ii) does not account for any goods on which he is liable to pay tax under this Act; or (iii) supplies any goods liable to tax under this Act without having applied for registration; or (iv) contravenes any of the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder with intent to evade payment of tax; or
(v) uses any conveyance as a means of transport for carriage of goods in contravention of the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder unless the owner of the conveyance proves that it was so used without the knowledge or connivance of the owner himself, his agent, if any, and the person in charge of the conveyance, then, all such goods or conveyances shall be liable to confiscation and the person shall be liable to penalty under section 122 .

(2) Whenever confiscation of any goods or conveyance is authorised by this Act, the officer adjudging it shall give to the owner of the goods an option to pay in lieu of confiscation, such fine as the said officer thinks fit: Provided that such fine leviable shall not exceed the market value of the goods confiscated, less the tax chargeable thereon: Provided further that the aggregate of such fine and penalty leviable shall not be less than the 2 [penalty equal to hundred per cent. of the tax payable on such goods] Provided also that where any such conveyance is used for the carriage of the goods or passengers for hire, the owner of the conveyance shall be given an option to pay in lieu of the confiscation of the conveyance a fine equal to the tax payable on the goods being transported thereon. 3 [****]

(4) No order for confiscation of goods or conveyance or for imposition of penalty shall be issued without giving the person an opportunity of being heard.

(5) Where any goods or conveyance are confiscated under this Act, the title of such goods or conveyance shall thereupon vest in the Government.

(6) The proper officer adjudging confiscation shall take and hold possession of the things confiscated and every officer of Police, on the requisition of such proper officer, shall assist him in taking and holding such possession.

(7) The proper officer may, after satisfying himself that the confiscated goods or conveyance are not required in any other proceedings under this Act and after giving reasonable time not exceeding three months to pay fine in lieu of confiscation, dispose of such goods or conveyance and deposit the sale proceeds thereof with the Government.

High Court cases on this section

Judgments in our index that cite this provision. Being listed does not make a case good law — it may have been appealed or distinguished since. Read it before relying on it.

26 more on record. Search all GST case law →

What changed, and when

The amendment trail, newest first — because the version that applies to your case depends on the period.

2022-01-01 · Substituted

39/2021-C.T.

Substituted (w.e.f. 1st January, 2022 vide Notification No. 39/2021-C.T. , dated 21st December, 2021) by s. 118(a) of The Finance Act, 2021 (No. 13 of 2021) dat …

2022-01-01 · Substituted

39/2021-C.T.

Substituted (w.e.f. 1st January, 2022 vide Notification No. 39/2021-C.T. , dated 21st December, 2021) by s. 118(b) of The Finance Act, 2021 (No. 13 of 2021) dat …

2022-01-01 · Omitted

39/2021-C.T

Omitted (w.e.f. 1st January, 2022 vide Notification No. 39/2021-C.T ., dated 21st December, 2021) by s. 118(c) of The Finance Act, 2021 (No. 13 of 2021) dated 2 …

Read this with

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Where this comes from

Text reproduced from the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs, as available on 2026-09-05. The explanation and practice notes above are GSTZone’s own, written for this hub. If you spot anything out of date, tell us and we’ll fix it — this hub is checked daily against CBIC.

confiscation of goods gstfine in lieu of confiscationintent to evade taxsection 130 cgst

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